---
title: macOS
kind: note
description: proprietary desktop operating system
words: 507
readingMinutes: 2
created: '2024-08-17T18:36:22+02:00'
updated: '2026-06-29T20:34:03+02:00'
website: https://www.apple.com/macos/
---
## Link

<https://www.apple.com/macos/>

Desktop [operating system](/notes/operating-systems) for <span class="dead-link">Apple</span> hardware
# Keyboard shortcuts
| Key                        | Function                                      | Note                 |
| -------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- | -------------------- |
| `⌃`+`⌘`+`Q` / power button | Lock computer                                 | Default              |
| `⇧`+`⌘`+`Q`                | Log out                                       | Default              |
| `⇧`+`⌘`+`W`                | Close window                                  | Some apps            |
| ~~`⌘`+`Space`~~            | ~~Spotlight~~                                 | ~~Default~~          |
| `⌘`+`Space`                | Raycast                                       | Customized (Raycast) |
| `⌘`+`Z`                    | Undo                                          | Default              |
| `⌘`+`T`                    | New tab                                       | Some apps            |
| `⌘`+`W`                    | Close tab                                     | Some apps            |
| `⌃`+`⌘`+`Space`            | Raycast emoji picker                          | Customized (Raycast) |
| `⌃`+`⌥`+`Left Arrow`       | Move window to left half of screen            | Customized (Magnet)  |
| `⌃`+`⌥`+`Right Arrow`      | Move window to right half of screen           | Customized (Magnet)  |
| `⌃`+`⌥`+`Numpad1`          | Move window to bottom-left quarter of screen  | Customized (Magnet)  |
| `⌃`+`⌥`+`Numpad3`          | Move window to bottom-right quarter of screen | Customized (Magnet)  |
| `⌃`+`⌥`+`Numpad7`          | Move window to top-left quarter of screen     | Customized (Magnet)  |
| `⌃`+`⌥`+`Numpad9`          | Move window to top-right quarter of screen    | Customized (Magnet)  |
| `⌃`+`⌥`+`⏎`                | Maximize window                               | Customized (Magnet)  |
| `⌃`+`⌥`+`⌫`                | Restore window                                | Customized (Magnet)  |
| `⌥`+`⌘`+`v`                | Move (previously copied) file                 | Default              |
## Danish keyboard layout - special characters
| Key                            | Character                 |
| ------------------------------ | ------------------------- |
| `⇧`+`⌥`+`7`                    | \ (backslash)             |
| `⌥`+`8`                        | \[ (square bracket begin) |
| `⌥`+`9`                        | \] (square bracket end)   |
| `⌥`+`i`                        | \| (pipe)                 |
| `⌥`+ `¨` (to the right of "å") | ~ (tilde)                 |
# FAQ
##  Show hidden files in Finder 
Press `⌘` + `⇧` + `.` (Cmd + Shift + Period)
## Enable Touch ID for `sudo`
1. Open the Sudo PAM file:
	- In iTerm2, run the following command to edit the sudo configuration file using the `vi` editor:
		```shell
		sudo vi /etc/pam.d/sudo
		```
        You will need to enter your password one last time to use `sudo vi`.
2. Add the Touch ID line:
	- Once in the `vi` editor, press **`i`** to enter **Insert Mode**.
    - Add the following line to the **very top** of the file:
        ```
        auth sufficient pam_tid.so
        ```
3. Save and Exit:
    - Press the ␛ key to exit Insert Mode.
    - Type **`:wq`** and press ⏎ to write the changes and quit the editor.
4. Quit and restart the terminal emulator for the changes to take effect.
## Delete local Time Machine snapshots to free up space
These can quickly fill up the drive if the external drive is often disconnected.
```shell  
tmutil listlocalsnapshotdates 
```
If you see a list of backups sorted by date, here’s how to delete them:
```shell
tmutil deletelocalsnapshots XXXXXXX
```
Replace XXXXXXX with the name of one of the backups listed above, then press Return.
Repeat this for as many of the local backups as you want to remove. Once you're done, check back in the Storage tab to see how much space you've reclaimed.
**Don't delete your local copies if you think you might need them in the future.**
## Send notification from the command line
### Simple
```shell
osascript -e 'display notification "Your notification message here" with title "Your Title"'
```
### With subtitle and custom sound
```shell
osascript -e 'display notification "The long-running task has finished successfully!" with title "Process Complete" subtitle "Your Script Name" sound name "Frog"'
```