---
title: FreeBSD
kind: note
description: open-source Unix-like operating system
words: 315
readingMinutes: 1
created: '2024-08-18T15:38:35+02:00'
updated: '2026-06-29T20:34:03+02:00'
website: https://www.freebsd.org/
---
## Link

<https://www.freebsd.org/>

## Resources
- [A FreeBSD 11 Desktop How-to](https://cooltrainer.org/a-freebsd-desktop-howto/)
- [Documentation](https://docs.freebsd.org/)
- [FreeBSD Foundation](https://www.freebsdfoundation.org/)
- [FreeBSD on AWS EC2](https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-ezzad3flvbvky)
- [GhostBSD](https://www.ghostbsd.org/)
  > GhostBSD provides a simple desktop-oriented operating system based on FreeBSD with MATE and OS packages for simplicity. In addition, GhostBSD has a selection of commonly used software preinstalled to make it easy on your computing journey.
- [Pf Firewall Tutorial](https://calomel.org/pf_config.html)
- [iocage](https://github.com/iocage/iocage)
  > A FreeBSD jail manager written in Python 3
- [NomadBSD](https://nomadbsd.org/)
  > NomadBSD is a persistent live system for USB flash drives, based on FreeBSD®. Together with automatic hardware detection and setup, it is configured to be used as a desktop system that works out of the box, but can also be used for data recovery, for educational purposes, or to test FreeBSD®'s hardware compatibility.
- [Everything you want to know about Installing FreeBSD on a USB stick](https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/everything-you-want-to-know-about-installing-freebsd-on-a-usb-stick.11715/)
## Notes
- [PC-BSD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueOS) was a desktop operating system based on FreeBSD.
- The popular [TrueNAS](https://www.truenas.com/) storage software was based on FreeBSD.
	- [TrueNAS CORE 13 is the end of the FreeBSD version](https://www.theregister.com/2024/03/18/truenas_abandons_freebsd/?td=keepreading)
## FAQ
### Recursive ACLs commands
> > I was just wondering if I can set or lists acls recursively on specific directories ?
> >
> > I couldn't find the usual '-R' option for setfacl
> >
> > Is there another way to do this?
>
> ```sh
> find . -type f -exec setfacl -m xxx {} \;
> ```
>
> or
>
> ```sh
> find . -type d -exec setfacl -d -m u::,g::,o::,g:rrr:rwx {} \;
> ```
>
> I hope you have got idea
- Source: [Igor Robul](https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2005-December/108000.html)
### List open Internet or UNIX domain sockets
See [sockstat](https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sockstat&sektion=1)
### Update procedure (host and jail)
#### Host
```sh
su -
freebsd-update fetch install
pkg update # IF THAT FAILS, FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS HERE: https://wiki.freebsd.org/pkgng
pkg upgrade -y
pkg audit -F
portsnap fetch
portsnap update # OR IF THAT FAILS: # portsnap extract
/usr/local/sbin/portmaster -L --index-only | egrep '(ew|ort) version|total install'
/usr/local/sbin/portmaster -a --no-confirm -b -d  # OR IF THAT FAILS, run /usr/local/sbin/portmaster for each package listed in the previous commands output
ezjail-admin update -u
ezjail-admin update -P
```
#### New jails - only once
In each jail, ONCE:
```sh
rm /usr/local/etc/pkg.conf
mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos
nano /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/FreeBSD.conf
```
Contents of above file:
```text
FreeBSD: {
url: "pkg+http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/${ABI}/latest",
mirror_type: "srv",
enabled: yes
}
```
In each jail, ONCE:
```sh
echo 'WITH_PKGNG=yes' >> /etc/make.conf
pkg update && pkg upgrade
pkg2ng
pkg upgrade
pkg install -y portmaster
```
#### Jails
In each jail:
```sh
pkg update && pkg upgrade -y && pkg audit -F
/usr/local/sbin/portmaster -L --index-only | egrep '(ew|ort) version|total install'
/usr/local/sbin/portmaster -a --no-confirm -b -d
# OR IF THAT FAILS, run /usr/local/sbin/portmaster PACKAGE_NAME for each package listed in the previous commands output
pkg audit -F
```
### Console mode scrolling
>> Is there a way to scroll the screen in console mode? Something like I
>> do in Linux with Ctrl + Page Up?
>
> FreeBSD offers a better solution than Linux: It uses the key on
> the keyboard that is intended to do this.
>
> Have a look at the ScrL (Scroll Lock) key. Have you ever asked
> yourself what this key will do? Try it, press it! :-)
- Source: [Fernando Apesteguía](https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2009-April/196615.html)
## See also
- <span class="dead-link">ZFS</span>